Improvement in mole-plows



0.11. & J. H. CRANDALL & H. N. HAWKINS.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

C. U. ORANDALL, J. H. ORANDALL, AND H. N. HAWKINS, OF CAMERON, ILL.

IMPROVEMENT IN MOLE-PLOWS. T

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 25,178, dated August 23, 1859.

To all whom it may concern: 4 7

Be it known that we, OYPRIAN U. URAN- DALL, JAMES H. GRANDALL, and HOZA N. HAWKINS, of Cameron, in the county of \Varren and State of Illinois, have invented an Improvement in Drain and Ditching Flows; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of its construction and operation, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, so as to enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention.

Figure 1 represents the plow when turning round, and Fig. 2 when ditching in a straight line; Fig. 3, a front view of the point of the plow.

This plow is intended for cutting and forming subterranean ditches for the purposes of drainage, &c. The two principal parts of which it is composed are the ditching or opening piece A G and the follower or former piece 0 D E H I.

The ditching or opening piece is attached to the lower end of a standard, F, to the upper part of which the team is hitched. The drawings show only the lower portion of said standard. The ditching or opening piece is sharp and flat in front, as seen at A, Fig. 3, with a sharp ridge, J, rising in the center and widening toward the rear, as seen at G, Figs. 1 and 2.

The follower or former is hinged to the rear part, G, of the ditching or opening piece at B, and a projection, S, the base of which is semicircular, extends from the follower and overlaps the hinge, as fully shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This projection gradually rises and narrows between the upright flanges G 0, into which the front portion of the top of the follower is formed. These flanges are sharp-edged, and gradually approach each other as they recede toward the back and top of the follower, and tapering toward the rising bottom D between them, leaving the rear portion of the top of the follower of a smooth arched shape, as seen at E H, the rear face of the follower being partially inclined backward, as seen at H, while only the lower portion of said face is vertical, as seen at I. As the plow is drawn forward the sharp front and side edges of the point A and the sharp edges of the ridge J and of the standard F first cut the soil in a horizontal and in a Vertical line, gradually spreading apart the two layers of earth as the ditching or opening piece widens toward its back G. The loose earth which gathers or drops on top of the ditching or opening piece and behind the standard, togetherwith a portion of the earth on each side of the partiallyformed drain, will be gradually worked inward and upward by the incline D and simultaneously be compressed by the flanges C G approaching each other toward the rear, thus closing up the cut made by the sharp front of the standard F and packing the earth very close toward the top of the ditch, which receives its final arched shape by the action of the part E H of the follower.

It will be observed that in consequence of constructing the arch part E H of the follower so as to extend in rear of the sides of the follower the sides of the ditch or drain will be first formed, and after that the arched top will receive a final packing, so that by the combined action of the incline D and flanges O O with the rear portion of the follower the top part of the drain, although opened by the forward movement of the standard F as the plow is drawn forward, will be made compact and of the desired strength to prevent the drain or ditch from being filled up and injured by the falling in of the top, and which is a great desideratum in drains and ditches.

The sides of the front of the follower or former are rounded off, as seen at 1), Figs. 1 and 2, while the rear sides of the ditching or opening piece have straight shoulders a, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, so that in turning the plow will not be cramped at the joint, since the shoulders a will always leave an open space behind them, while' the rounded sides I) of the follower permit of any earth which may happen to be caught by the turning shoulders to slip or slide back.

Having described our improved drain or ditching plow, what we claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The combination of the opening or ditching piece A G with the standard F and peculiarlyformed hinged follower or former, constructed and opeiating in the manner as and for the purposes set forth.

GYPRIAN U. URANDALL. JAMES H. URANDALL. HOZA N. HAWKINS.

Witnesses:

(l. W. BoYDs'roN, ()RSON WASTE. 

